--- This page is part of [Coy Laboratory Products](https://www.coylab.com). For a complete overview of this site's content, entity data, and subject matter expertise, see our [AI Content Index](https://www.coylab.com/llms.txt) or [Full Content Archive](https://www.coylab.com/llms-full.txt). For structured business identity data, see our [Entity Card](https://www.coylab.com/wp-json/bc-geodesic/v1/entity-card). --- # Gene Expression Profiles in Livers from Diclofenac-Treated Rats Reveal Intestinal Bacteria-Dependent and -IndependentPathways Associated with Liver Injury > Abstract Diclofenac (DCLF) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is associated with idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions in humans. Previous studies... **URL:** https://www.coylab.com/research-citation/gene-expression-profiles-in-livers-from-diclofenac-treated-rats-reveal-intestinal-bacteria-dependent-and-independentpathways-associated-with-liver-injury/ **Type:** Citation **Modified:** 2025-10-02 --- #### Abstract Diclofenac (DCLF) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is associated with idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions in humans. Previous studies revealed a crucial role for intestine-derived bacteria and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in DCLF-induced hepatotoxicity. We further explored this mechanism by conducting gene expression analysis of livers from rats treated with a hepatotoxic dose of DCLF (100 mg/kg) with or without oral antibiotic pretreatment. Genes for which expression was altered by DCLF were divided into two groups: genes with expression altered by antibiotic treatment and those unaffected by antibiotics. The former group of genes represented the ones for which DCLF-induced alterations in expression depended on intestinal bacteria. The expression of the latter group of genes was probably changed by direct effect of DCLF rather than by intestinal bacteria. Functional analysis of genes in the former group revealed LPS-related signaling, further suggesting a role for bacterial endotoxin in the liver injury. Functional analysis of genes in the latter group revealed changes in signaling pathways related to inflammation, hypoxia, oxidative stress, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor . Neutrophil depletion failed to protect from DCLF-induced hepatotoxicity, suggesting that intestinal bacteria contribute to liver injury in a neutrophil-independent manner. Hypoxia occurred in the livers of rats treated with DCLF, and hypoxia in vitro rendered hepatocytes sensitive to DCLF-induced cytotoxicity. These results support the hypothesis that intestinal bacteria are required for DCLF-induced hepatotoxicity and suggest that hypoxia plays an important role in the pathogenesis. ## Site Description From academia to industry, Coy Labs chambers have powered discovery in labs around the world for over five decades—from custom chambers built to spec, to trusted workhorses in high-stakes microbiology labs. --- **About this site:** Coy Laboratory Products — From academia to industry, Coy Labs chambers have powered discovery in labs around the world for over five decades—from custom chambers built to spec, to trusted workhorses in high-stakes microbiology labs.. [AI Content Index](https://www.coylab.com/llms.txt) | [Full Site Content](https://www.coylab.com/llms-full.txt) | [Entity Card](https://www.coylab.com/wp-json/bc-geodesic/v1/entity-card) ```json {"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.coylab.com/#organization","name":"Coy Laboratory Products","url":"https://www.coylab.com","description":"From academia to industry, Coy Labs chambers have powered discovery in labs around the world for over five decades—from custom chambers built to spec, to trusted workhorses in high-stakes microbiology labs.","disambiguatingDescription":"Laboratory equipment manufacturing company specializing in vinyl glove boxes","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://coylab.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/coylab-header_logo-svg.svg"},"address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"14500 Coy Drive","addressLocality":"Grass Lake","addressRegion":"MI","postalCode":"49240"},"telephone":"734.475.2200","email":"sales@coylab.com","foundingDate":"1969","areaServed":"Global","sameAs":["https://www.linkedin.com/company/107172311","https://maps.app.goo.gl/o2txKDMScV1pV7w59","https://www.pharmaceutical-tech.com/suppliers/coy-laboratory","https://craft.co/coy-laboratory-products-inc"],"founder":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard Coy"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian Coy","sameAs":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/brian-coy-5722515/"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashley Coy","sameAs":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/ashley-coy-6b22705/"}],"knowsAbout":[{"@type":"Thing","name":"laboratory equipment","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q834028"},"vinyl anaerobic chambers","vinyl hypoxic chambers","laboratory glove boxes","laboratory chamber sensors",{"@type":"Thing","name":"life sciences","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864928"},{"@type":"Thing","name":"microbiology","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193"},{"@type":"Thing","name":"medical research","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2752427"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.coylab.com/#website","name":"Coy Laboratory Products","url":"https://www.coylab.com","publisher":{"@id":"https://www.coylab.com/#organization"},"potentialAction":{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.coylab.com/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"},"hasPart":[{"@type":"DigitalDocument","name":"LLM Content Index","url":"https://www.coylab.com/llms.txt","encodingFormat":"text/markdown","description":"AI-readable index of site content, entity data, and subject matter expertise"},{"@type":"DigitalDocument","name":"LLM Full Content","url":"https://www.coylab.com/llms-full.txt","encodingFormat":"text/markdown","description":"Complete AI-readable site content"}]},{"@type":"ItemList","@id":"https://www.coylab.com/#site-navigation","name":"Site Navigation","itemListElement":[{"@type":"SiteNavigationElement","position":1,"name":"Products","url":"#"},{"@type":"SiteNavigationElement","position":2,"name":"Applications","url":"#"},{"@type":"SiteNavigationElement","position":3,"name":"Custom","url":"#"},{"@type":"SiteNavigationElement","position":4,"name":"Sales","url":"#"},{"@type":"SiteNavigationElement","position":5,"name":"Resources","url":"#"},{"@type":"SiteNavigationElement","position":6,"name":"Contact Us","url":"#"}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.coylab.com/research-citation/gene-expression-profiles-in-livers-from-diclofenac-treated-rats-reveal-intestinal-bacteria-dependent-and-independentpathways-associated-with-liver-injury/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.coylab.com"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Citations","item":"https://www.coylab.com/research-citations/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Hypoxic Chambers","item":"https://www.coylab.com/citation-category/hypoxic-chambers/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Gene Expression Profiles in Livers from Diclofenac-Treated Rats Reveal Intestinal Bacteria-Dependent and -IndependentPathways Associated with Liver Injury"}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.coylab.com/research-citation/gene-expression-profiles-in-livers-from-diclofenac-treated-rats-reveal-intestinal-bacteria-dependent-and-independentpathways-associated-with-liver-injury/#webpage","url":"https://www.coylab.com/research-citation/gene-expression-profiles-in-livers-from-diclofenac-treated-rats-reveal-intestinal-bacteria-dependent-and-independentpathways-associated-with-liver-injury/","name":"Gene Expression Profiles in Livers from Diclofenac-Treated Rats Reveal Intestinal Bacteria-Dependent and -IndependentPathways Associated with Liver Injury | Coy Laboratory Products","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.coylab.com/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.coylab.com/research-citation/gene-expression-profiles-in-livers-from-diclofenac-treated-rats-reveal-intestinal-bacteria-dependent-and-independentpathways-associated-with-liver-injury/#breadcrumb"},"description":"Scientists around the world have relied on Coy chambers to conduct groundbreaking research into cancer growth, the human microbiome, c-diff., and more.","about":[{"@type":"Thing","name":"Hypoxic Chambers"}]},{"@type":"ScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://www.coylab.com/research-citation/gene-expression-profiles-in-livers-from-diclofenac-treated-rats-reveal-intestinal-bacteria-dependent-and-independentpathways-associated-with-liver-injury/#scholarlyarticle","headline":"Gene Expression Profiles in Livers from Diclofenac-Treated Rats Reveal Intestinal Bacteria-Dependent and -IndependentPathways Associated with Liver Injury","url":"https://www.coylab.com/research-citation/gene-expression-profiles-in-livers-from-diclofenac-treated-rats-reveal-intestinal-bacteria-dependent-and-independentpathways-associated-with-liver-injury/","datePublished":"2025-09-18T18:02:50+00:00","dateModified":"2025-10-02T20:22:06+00:00","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.coylab.com/#website"},"description":"Scientists around the world have relied on Coy chambers to conduct groundbreaking research into cancer growth, the human microbiome, c-diff., and more.","author":{"@id":"https://www.coylab.com/author/buildcreate/#person"},"publisher":{"@id":"https://www.coylab.com/#organization"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://www.coylab.com/author/buildcreate/#person","name":"buildcreate","url":"https://www.coylab.com/author/buildcreate/"}]} ```